This is education, not advice

The information here is written for the general reader and does not replace a personal medical consultation. It cannot tell you what your pigment is, whether it suits treatment, or how your own skin responds to a session.

No result is guaranteed

No treatment can be guaranteed. How much pigment lightens, over how many sessions, and how long the improvement holds vary between individuals, and no clinician can promise clearance of a particular mark. Individual healing and individual response vary, and a plan that works well for one person may do little for another.

Risk is real, and higher in some skin

Pigment treatment can leave skin darker or lighter than it was, and both are more likely in darker skin, after recent sun exposure and with short intervals between sessions. Scarring and infection occur occasionally. Results are incremental, they are not permanent, and melasma-type pigment can be made worse by repeated treatment.

When a doctor should look first

A pigmented spot that is new, changing in shape or colour, itching or bleeding needs a dermatological examination before any cosmetic treatment is considered. Nothing on this site should delay that assessment.